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Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle. The sun (solar energy) drives evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, moisture in the soil, and other sources of water. In hydrology, evaporation and transpiration (which involves evaporation within plant stomata) are collectively termed evapotranspiration. Evaporation of water occurs when ...
The processes that drive these movements are evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, sublimation, infiltration, surface runoff, and subsurface flow. In doing so, the water goes through different forms: liquid, solid and vapor. The ocean plays a key role in the water cycle as it is the source of 86% of global evaporation. [2]
The US data is collected and compiled into an annual evaporation map. [4] The measurements range from under 30 to over 120 inches per year. Formulas can be used for calculating the rate of evaporation from a water surface such as a swimming pool. [5] [6] In some countries, the evaporation rate far exceeds the precipitation rate.
Vacuum evaporation is the process of causing the pressure in a liquid-filled container to be reduced below the vapor pressure of the liquid, ...
Evapotranspiration is a combination of evaporation and transpiration, measured in order to better understand crop water requirements, irrigation scheduling, [4] and watershed management. [5] The two key components of evapotranspiration are: Evaporation: the movement
Evaporation systems are also often evaluated by the water evaporation rate per unit area. When the energy is largely provided by sunlight, these are often evaluated with a solar efficiency, ( η s o l {\displaystyle \eta _{\rm {sol}}} ), which is a thermal efficiency that compares incoming light energy to the enthalpy of vaporization.
The Hertz–Knudsen equation describes the non-dissociative adsorption of a gas molecule on a surface by expressing the variation of the number of molecules impacting on the surfaces per unit of time as a function of the pressure of the gas and other parameters which characterise both the gas phase molecule and the surface: [1] [2]
Because of evaporation, interception of liquid water generally leads to loss of that precipitation for the drainage basin, except for cases such as fog interception, but increase flood protection dramatically, Alila et al., (2009). [3] Definition of canopy and forest floor interception
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