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In organic chemistry, benzenoids are a class of organic compounds with at least one benzene ring. These compounds have increased stability due to resonance in the benzene rings. Most aromatic hydrocarbons are benzenoid. Notable counterexamples are cyclooctadecanonaene, azulene and trans-bicalicene. [1] [2]
A Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) is a class of organic compounds that is composed of multiple aromatic rings.Most are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter— by engine exhaust fumes, tobacco, incinerators, in roasted meats and cereals, [1] or when biomass burns at lower temperatures as in forest fires.
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
Aromatic properties have been attributed to non-benzenoid compounds such as tropone. Aromatic properties are tested to the limit in a class of compounds called cyclophanes. A special case of aromaticity is found in homoaromaticity where conjugation is interrupted by a single sp³ hybridized carbon atom.
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring(s). [1] Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles .
Benzene, the most widely recognized aromatic compound with six delocalized π-electrons (4n + 2, for n = 1). In organic chemistry, Hückel's rule predicts that a planar ring molecule will have aromatic properties if it has 4n + 2 π-electrons, where n is a non-negative integer.
Clar's rule states that for a benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (i.e. one with only hexagonal rings), the resonance structure with the largest number of disjoint aromatic π-sextets is the most important to characterize its chemical and physical properties. Such a resonance structure is called a Clar structure. In other words, a ...
Tropone or 2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one is an organic compound with some importance in organic chemistry as a non-benzenoid aromatic. [2] The compound consists of a ring of seven carbon atoms with three conjugated alkene groups and a ketone group.