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Guanidinium thiocyanate can be used to deactivate a virus, such as the influenza virus that caused the 1918 "Spanish flu", so that it can be studied safely.. Guanidinium thiocyanate is also used to lyse cells and virus particles in RNA and DNA extractions, where its function, in addition to its lysing action, is to prevent activity of RNase enzymes and DNase enzymes by denaturing them.
The correct name of the method is guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. The use of TRIzol can result in DNA yields comparable to other extraction methods, and it leads to >50% bigger RNA yield. [5] [6] An alternative method for RNA extraction is phenol extraction and TCA/acetone precipitation. Chloroform should be exchanged with ...
RNA partitions in the aqueous phase, while proteins and DNA partition into the organic/interphase (left). The RNA is then precipitated in an alcohol (right). Acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction (abbreviated AGPC) is a liquid–liquid extraction technique in biochemistry and molecular biology.
According to the original Boom method, the chaotropic guanidinium salt employed is preferably guanidinium thiocyanate (GuSCN). According to the chaotropic effect, in the presence of the chaotropic agent, hydration water of nucleic acids are taken from the phosphodiester bond of the phosphate group of the backbone of a nucleic acid.
Several methods are used in molecular biology to isolate RNA from samples, the most common of these is guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. [2] [3]. Usually, the phenol-chloroform solution used for RNA extraction has lower pH, this aids in separating DNA from RNA and leads to a more pure RNA preparation.
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This was later improved using guanidinium thiocyanate or guanidinium hydrochloride as the chaotropic agent. [4] For ease of handling, the use of glass beads was later changed to silica columns. And to enable use of automated extraction instruments, there was development of silica-coated paramagnetic beads, more commonly referred to as "magnetic ...