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The agency says: “Microwave oven manufacturers are required to certify their products and meet safety performance standards created and enforced by the FDA to protect public health.
International guidelines on exposure levels to microwave frequency EMFs such as ICNIRP limit the power levels of wireless devices and it is uncommon for wireless devices to exceed the guidelines. These guidelines only take into account thermal effects and not the findings of biological effects published in the NTP and Ramazzini Institute studies.
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The lower temperature of cooking (the boiling point of water) is a significant safety benefit compared with baking in the oven or frying, because it eliminates the formation of tars and char, which are carcinogenic. [70] Microwave radiation also penetrates deeper than direct heat, so that the food is heated by its own internal water content.
Microwave and other radio frequencies cause heating, and this can cause burns or eye damage if delivered in high intensity, [38] or hyperthermia as with any powerful heat source. Microwave ovens use this form of radiation, and have shielding to prevent it from leaking out and unintentionally heating nearby objects or people.
The depth of penetration depends on the frequency of the microwaves and the tissue type. The Active Denial System ("pain ray") is a less-lethal directed energy weapon that employs a microwave beam at 95 GHz; a two-second burst of the 95 GHz focused beam heats the skin to a temperature of 130 °F (54 °C) at a depth of 1/64th of an inch (0.4 mm) and is claimed to cause skin pain without lasting ...
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SAR limits set by law do not consider that the human body is particularly sensitive to the power peaks or frequencies responsible for the microwave hearing effect. [4] [5] Frey reports that the microwave hearing effect occurs with average power density exposures of 400 μW/cm 2, well below SAR limits (as set by government regulations). [4] Notes: