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ExoMars (Exobiology on Mars) is an astrobiology programme of the European Space Agency (ESA).. The goals of ExoMars are to search for signs of past life on Mars, [1] [2] investigate how the Martian water and geochemical environment varies, investigate atmospheric trace gases and their sources and, by doing so, demonstrate the technologies for a future Mars sample-return mission.
In the summer of 2001, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) requested mission concepts and proposals from industry-led teams (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and TRW). [17] The science requirements included at least 500 grams (18 oz) of samples, rover mobility to obtain samples at least 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the landing spot, and drilling to obtain one sample from a depth of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in).
The Genesis Rock, returned by the Apollo 15 lunar mission in 1971. The sample return capsule from NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission shortly after touching down in the desert in Utah. A sample-return mission is a spacecraft mission to collect and return samples from an extraterrestrial location to Earth for analysis. Sample-return missions may bring ...
China has announced plans for a Mars sample-return mission to be called Tianwen-3. [63] The mission would launch in late-2028, with a lander and ascent vehicle on a Long March 5 and an orbiter and return module launched separately on a Long March 3B. Samples would be returned to Earth in July 2031. [64]
The sample return capsule entered Earth's atmosphere over northern Oregon at 16:55 UTC on September 8, 2004, with a velocity of approximately 11.04 km/s (24,706 mph). [18] Due to a design flaw in a deceleration sensor, parachute deployment was never triggered, and the spacecraft's descent was slowed only by its own air resistance . [ 19 ]
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The selected mission must launch by the end of 2021. [17] The mission would have a $425 million development cost cap, and it would reach Saturn after a series of gravity assists past Venus and the Earth. Samples from Enceladus's plume would make it to Earth about 14 years later. [1]
Chang'e 5 (Chinese: 嫦娥五号; pinyin: Cháng'é wǔhào [note 1]) was the fifth lunar exploration mission in the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program of CNSA, and China's first lunar sample-return mission. [13]