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The "Gate of the Sun" The Gate of the Sun, also known as the Gateway of the Sun (in older literature simply called "(great) monolithic Gateway of Ak-kapana", [1] is a monolithic gateway at the site of Tiahuanaco by the Tiwanaku culture, an Andean civilization of Bolivia that thrived around Lake Titicaca in the Andes of western South America around 500-950 AD.
Tiwanaku (Spanish: Tiahuanaco or Tiahuanacu) is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in western Bolivia, near Lake Titicaca, about 70 kilometers from La Paz, and it is one of the largest sites in South America. Surface remains currently cover around 4 square kilometers and include decorated ceramics, monumental structures, and megalithic blocks.
The fragments of five andesite gateways with similar characteristics to the Gateway of the Sun were found. Tiwanaku, the location of Pumapunku, is significant in Inca traditions. According to traditions, Tiwanaku is believed to be the site where the world was created. [1]
Tiwanaku was the capital of the eponymous empire that flourished in the southern Andes between 400 and 900, until it collapsed in the first half of the 12th century. Monuments that remain from the city include the terraced platform mounds Akapana and Pumapunku , the Kalasasaya temple, and the Gate of the Sun .
Isla del Sol (Spanish for "Island of the Sun") is an island in the southern part of Lake Titicaca. It is part of Bolivia , and specifically part of the La Paz Department . Geographically, the terrain is harsh; it is a rocky, hilly island with many eucalyptus trees.
Tiwanaku (Spanish spellings: Tiahuanaco and Tiahuanacu) is an important Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia. Tiwanaku is recognized by Andean scholars as one of the most important precursors to the Inca Empire , flourishing as the ritual and administrative capital of a major state power for approximately five hundred years.
Gate of the Sun in Tiwanaku Quinoa plants Tiwanaku empire at its largest territorial extent, AD 950. Pre-Columbian Bolivia covers the historical period between 10,000 BCE, when the Upper Andes region was first populated and 1532, when Spanish conquistadors invaded Inca Empire.
Located in the north is Kalasasaya‘s Temple, which is believed to have been used as an observatory. The most representative of it is the two huge sun gates cut from andesite, which is one of the most important representatives of Tiwanaku art. There are niches at the sides of the door, and a well-designed bas-relief above the door.