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The exact origins of the Chaldean Oracles are unknown, but are usually attributed to Julian the Theurgist and/or his father, Julian the Chaldean. [2] Chaldea is the classical Greek term for Babylon, transliterating Assyrian Kaldū, which referred to an area southeast of Babylonia near the Persian Gulf.
Many Babylonian deities, myths, and religious writings are singular to that culture; for example, the uniquely Babylonian deity, Marduk, replaced Enlil as the head of the mythological pantheon. The Enûma Eliš, a creation myth epic was an original Babylonian work.
This piece was thought to be recited in a ritual celebration of the Babylonian new year. It chronicles the birth of the gods, the world, and man, whose purpose was to serve the gods and lighten their work load. [2] The focus of the narrative is on praising Marduk, the patron god of Babylon, who creates the world, the calendar, and humanity.
Babylonian Religion and Mythology is a scholarly book written in 1899 by the English archaeologist and Assyriologist L. W. King (1869-1919). [1] This book provides an in-depth analysis of the religious system of ancient Babylon , researching its intricate connection with the mythology that shaped the Babylonians' understanding of their world. [ 2 ]
[19] [17] While sometimes mistakenly regarded simply as a list of Sumerian gods with their Akkadian equivalents, [21] it was meant to provide information about the relations between individual gods, as well as short explanations of functions fulfilled by them. [21] In addition to spouses and children of gods, it also listed their servants. [22]
Typically, ancient Near Eastern religions were centered on theocracies, with a dominating regional cult of the god of a city-state. There were also super-regional mythemes and deities, such as the God Tammuz and the descent to the underworld. Divinations: Apantomancy: seeing animals; Cleromancy: drawing lots; Hepatoscopy: observing the liver of ...
The Chaldean states in Babylonia during the 1st millennium BC. Chaldea [1] (/ k æ l ˈ d iː ə /) was a small country that existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which the country and its people were absorbed and assimilated into the indigenous population of Babylonia. [2]
The Babylonian Genesis (PDF) (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-32399-4. Jordan, Michael. (2014). Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. New York: Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9781438109855. Leeming, David Adams. (2005). The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515669-0. Leick ...