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Augmentation pharyngoplasty is a kind of plastic surgery for the pharynx (soft tissue at the back of the mouth) when the tissue at the back of the mouth is not able to close properly. It is typically used to correct speech problems in children with cleft palate .
A pharyngeal flap surgery unites the posterior pharyngeal wall and the soft palate to definitively occlude the midsagittal aspect of the palatopharyngeal port while bilaterally maintaining patencies between the nasopharynx and oropharynx to facilitate nasal respiration and resonance during the production of nasal phonemes.
Intravenous injection of Buscopan (Hyoscine butylbromide) 20 mg or glucagon 0.3 mg is used to distend the stomach and slow down the emptying of the contrast into the duodenum. [13] Right anterior oblique (RAO) view is used to demonstrate antrum and greater curve of stomach. Supine position is to demonstrate antrum and body of stomach.
UPPP involves removal of the tonsils, the posterior surface of the soft palate, and the uvula. The uvula is then folded toward the soft palate and sutured together as demonstrated in the figures. In the US, UPPP is the most commonly performed procedure for obstructive sleep apnea with approximately 33,000 procedures performed per year.
The tube is then marked at this level to ensure that the tube has been inserted far enough into the patient's stomach. Many commercially available stomach and duodenal tubes have several standard depth markings, for example 46 cm (18 in), 56 cm (22 in), 66 cm (26 in) and 76 cm (30 in) from distal end; infant feeding tubes often come with 1 cm ...
The strap muscles, pharynx, and larynx are dissected to expose the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage. A permanent suture is passed through the muscular process. A tunnel is made in the thyroid cartilage and one end of the suture is passed through it. The suture is tied and secured to the window made in the thyroid cartilage.
Finally, the whole abdomen is imaged to detect any undetected reflux in previous images. Any urine left in the bladder after peeing is also recorded in this image. Lateral views are useful to evaluate any fistulas from the bladder connecting into the rectum or vagina. Oblique views are used to evaluate any leaks from the bladder or urethra.
The pharynx is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of the vagus nerve. [10]: 1465 Muscles in the pharynx push the food into the esophagus. The pharynx joins the esophagus at the oesophageal inlet which is located behind the cricoid cartilage.