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Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) assesses peripheral vascular disease. It may however be unreliable in patients with calcified arteries in the calf (often diabetic patients) or those with extensive oedema, in which case toe pressure or Toe-brachial pressure index (TBPI) should be measured to aid in the diagnosis.
The ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) or ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the ratio of the blood pressure at the ankle to the blood pressure in the upper arm (brachium). Compared to the arm, lower blood pressure in the leg suggests blocked arteries due to peripheral artery disease (PAD).
Measurement is done with the patient lying flat, with feet at heart level, using sphygmomanometry: the big toe is slightly emptied of blood by squeezing, and a small cuff is inflated around the base of the toe. Cuff pressure is then slowly lowered until flow can be detected in the distal part of the toe, e.g. by optical means (photocell), by ...
Hill test or Hill’s test is the measurement of systolic blood pressure both in arms and ankles. If the difference in pressure is more than 20 mmHg it suggests aortic insufficiency , a valvular heart disease .
As the pressure in the cuff is the same as the pressure produced by the heart, some blood will be able to pass through the upper arm when the pressure in the artery rises during systole. This blood flows in spurts as the pressure in the artery rises above the pressure in the cuff and then drops back down beyond the cuffed region, resulting in ...
Ankle-brachial pressure index, a measure of the fall in blood pressure in the arteries supplying the legs; Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, the trade association for companies in the UK producing prescription medicines
Ambulatory blood pressure, as opposed to office blood pressure and home blood pressure, [1] is the blood pressure over the course of the full 24-hour sleep-wake cycle. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ( ABPM ) measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night.
To perform the test, one set of electrodes are placed on viable tissue (e.g. the chest) as a control and a second set is placed around the tissue in question (e.g. legs or feet). The electrodes may mildly heat the skin to increase blood flow into the area. Oxygen may also be given to the patient to see if that increases oxygen levels in the tissue.