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Abu Ma‘shar al-Balkhi, Latinized as Albumasar (also Albusar, Albuxar, Albumazar; full name Abū Maʿshar Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar al-Balkhī ابومَعْشَر جعفر بن محمد بن عمر بلخی; 10 August 787 – 9 March 886, AH 171–272), [3] was an early Persian [4] [5] [6] Muslim astrologer, thought to be the greatest astrologer of the Abbasid court in Baghdad. [1]
The Arabic Parts in Astrology. (Inner Traditions International, Rochester Vermont, 1980, 1989.) ISBN 0-89281-250-8; Abu Ma'shar. The Abbreviation of the Introduction to Astrology. [Edited and Translated by Charles Burnett] (ARHAT [Archive for the Retrieval of Historical Astrological Texts] Publications, 1994) ISBN 0-9662266-3-1
English: Ja‘far ibn Muḥammad al-Balkhī (787–886), known as Abū Ma‘shar, lived in Baghdad in the 9th century. Originally an Islamic scholar of the Hadith (the prophetic traditions of Muhammad) and a contemporary of the famous philosopher al-Kindī, Abu Ma’shar developed an interest in astrology at the relatively late age of 47.
Abu Mashar al-Balkhi, Jafar Ibn Muhammad. (1971) The Mudhâkarât fî'Ilm an-Nujûm (Dialogues on Astrology) Attributed to Abû Ma'shar al Balkhî (Albumasar) (Book Chapter in Iran and Islam: in memory of the late Vladimir Minorsky) al-Farabi, Abu Nasr Mohammad Ibn al-Farakh.
Abu Ma'shar is an Arabic name which might refer to any one of the following people: Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (787–886), Muslim astrologer of the 9th Century AD Abu Ma'shar Najih al-Sindi al-Madani (died 787), Muslim historian of the 8th Century AD
He refutes the notion that astrology is based on the interference of demons or "guesswork" and established the study of the planets as a form of natural sciences. [72] By building a naturalistic connection between the planets and their earthly influence, abu Marsha saved astrology from accusations of devil-worship. [ 73 ]
They exchanged ideas with other experts, including the astrologer Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi, with whom Muhammed was in continuous contact. [ 12 ] The brothers are likely to have used portable instruments such as armillary spheres or dials when making their observations, which were recorded from around 847 to 869.
Medieval Islamic astrology and astronomy continued Hellenistic and Roman era traditions based on Ptolemy's Almagest.Centres of learning in medicine and astronomy/astrology were set up in Baghdad and Damascus, and the Caliph Al-Mansur of Baghdad established a major observatory and library in the city, making it the world's astronomical centre.