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The geographic range for tilapia culture is limited by their temperature-sensitivity. For optimal growth, the ideal water temperature range is 82 to 86 °F (28 to 30 °C), and growth is reduced greatly below 68 °F (20 °C). Death occurs below 50 °F (10 °C). Therefore, only the southernmost states are suitable for tilapia production.
Tilapia (/ t ɪ ˈ l ɑː p i ə / tih-LAH-pee-ə) is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the coelotilapine, coptodonine, heterotilapine, oreochromine, pelmatolapiine, and tilapiine tribes (formerly all were "Tilapiini"), with the economically most important species placed in the Coptodonini and Oreochromini. [2]
The redbelly tilapia also can live in a wide range of water temperatures, but in the northern part of its range it sometimes falls below its requirements (minimum 6.5–13 °C [43.7–55.4 °F], depending on a range of factors), resulting in large numbers dying. [10]
The blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) is a species of tilapia, a fish in the family Cichlidae. [2] Native to Northern and Western Africa, and the Middle East, through introductions it is now also established elsewhere, including parts of the United States, where it has been declared an invasive species and has caused significant environmental damage. [3]
Farmed tilapia production is about 1,500,000 tonnes (1,700,000 short tons) annually, with an estimated value of US$1.8 billion, [107] about equal to that of salmon and trout. Unlike those carnivorous fish, tilapia can feed on algae or any plant-based food.
The spotted tilapia (Pelmatolapia mariae [2]), also known as the spotted mangrove cichlid or black mangrove cichlid, is a species of fish of the cichlid family. [3] It is native to fresh and brackish water in West and Central Africa , [ 3 ] but has been introduced to other regions where it is considered invasive .
While Tennessee's weather ranges from the east side of the state to the west side, the average temperature in the state over the past five years is: 44.02 degrees in December. 39.60 degrees in January
Some 16 countries now use geothermal energy for aquaculture, including China, Israel, and the United States. [162] In California, for example, 15 fish farms produce tilapia, bass, and catfish with warm water from underground. This warmer water enables fish to grow all year round and mature more quickly.