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Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, and orator. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the primary leader in the African-American community and of the contemporary Black elite.
Family members expect to be addressed by the correct term that indicated their relationship to the person communicating with them. [6] Whenever wills clashed, it was expected, and even legally enforced, [4] that the will of the superior family member would prevail over the will of a junior family member. [3] In the Chinese kinship system:
The punishment involved the execution of close and extended family members. [3] [4] These included: The criminal's parents; The criminal's grandparents; Any children the criminal may have, over a certain age (varying over different eras, children below that age becoming slaves) and—if married—their spouses.
Fannie Smith Washington (1858 – May 4, 1884) was an American educator, and the first wife of Booker T. Washington. Before her premature death in 1884, Fannie Washington aided her husband in the early development of the Tuskegee Institute .
Portia Marshall Washington was born on June 6, 1883, [1] in Tuskegee, Alabama. [2] She was the daughter of Booker T. and Fanny Washington.Her mother died when Portia was a young child, and her early education was away from home, mostly in New England, [3] including at Framingham Normal School.
Washington expresses his extreme respect and utmost regard for Ruffner, calling her "one of the best friends I ever had." Viola and Lewis Ruffner remained key benefactors of Washington's political and civil efforts, with Viola and Booker T. Washington continuing their strong friendship after the General died in 1883 until her death 20 years later.
Evelyn Booker, whose family has been through the process, said she encourages other Black landowners to do the work necessary to maintain clear and legal title to their property.
Postwar life and Booker T. Washington [ edit ] As war ended, General Ruffner ceased political activity, perhaps compounded by an injury he received in 1868, when he tried to remonstrate with a mob of about 100 white men upset with labor competition and specifically with four or five black men who arrived in Malden from his land in Tinkerville ...