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Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene [4] or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl .
In enzymology, a biphenyl synthase (EC 2.3.1.177) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: . 3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO 2. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and benzoyl-CoA, whereas its three products are CoA, 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl, and CO 2.
The industrial synthesis of 4,4′-biphenol was developed by Allan Hay in the 1960s. [2] [3] As the direct oxidative coupling of phenol gives a mixture of isomers, [4] [5] 4,4′-biphenol is instead prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, where para-coupling is the only possibility. [3]
The bisphenols (/ ˈ b ɪ s f ɪ n ɒ l /) are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the creation of plastics and epoxy resins. [1] [2] [3] Most are based on two hydroxyphenyl functional groups linked by a methylene bridge.
Diphenylmethane is an organic compound with the formula (C 6 H 5) 2 CH 2 (often abbreviated CH 2 Ph 2). The compound consists of methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups. It is a white solid. Diphenylmethane is a common skeleton in organic chemistry. The diphenylmethyl group is also known as benzhydryl.
[3] Bromobenzene is used to introduce a phenyl group into other compounds. One method involves its conversion to the Grignard reagent, phenylmagnesium bromide. This reagent can be used, e.g. in the reaction with carbon dioxide to prepare benzoic acid. [4]
Dihydroxybiphenyl (as known as biphenol) refers to a class of organic compounds consisting of a biphenyl structure with two hydroxyl groups attached. The most common isomers are 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
[1] [2] Hence, the reaction is sometimes referred to as the Huisgen cycloaddition (this term is often used to specifically describe the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between an organic azide and an alkyne to generate 1,2,3-triazole). 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is an important route to the regio-and stereoselective synthesis of five-membered ...