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  2. Table of specific heat capacities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_specific_heat...

    A Assuming an altitude of 194 metres above mean sea level (the worldwide median altitude of human habitation), an indoor temperature of 23 °C, a dewpoint of 9 °C (40.85% relative humidity), and 760 mmHg sea level–corrected barometric pressure (molar water vapor content = 1.16%). B Calculated values *Derived data by calculation.

  3. Mach number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_number

    The Mach number (M or Ma), often only Mach, (/ m ɑː k /; German:) is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound.

  4. Predicted no-effect concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predicted_no-effect...

    PNEC values are intended to be conservative and predict the concentration at which a chemical will likely have no toxic effect. They are not intended to predict the upper limit of concentration of a chemical that has a toxic effect. [1] [2] [3] PNEC values are often used in environmental risk assessment as a tool in ecotoxicology.

  5. Enthalpy–entropy chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy–entropy_chart

    The Mollier enthalpy–entropy diagram for water and steam. The "dryness fraction", x , gives the fraction by mass of gaseous water in the wet region, the remainder being droplets of liquid. An enthalpy–entropy chart , also known as the H – S chart or Mollier diagram , plots the total heat against entropy, [ 1 ] describing the enthalpy of a ...

  6. Enthalpy of vaporization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy_of_vaporization

    Temperature-dependency of the heats of vaporization for water, methanol, benzene, and acetone. In thermodynamics, the enthalpy of vaporization (symbol ∆H vap), also known as the (latent) heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas.

  7. Cubic equations of state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_equations_of_state

    = 2 for water. = degree of polymerization for polyvinylphenol. So you use the density and temperature to calculate then use to calculate the other quantities. Technically, the ESD equation is no longer cubic when the association term is included, but no artifacts are introduced so there are only three roots in density.

  8. Volume correction factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_Correction_Factor

    However, certain substances, water for example, contain unique angular structures at the molecular level. As such, when these substances reach temperatures just above their freezing point, they begin to expand, since the angle of the bonds prevent the molecules from tightly fitting together, resulting in more empty space between the molecules ...

  9. Water content - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_content

    Water content or moisture content is the quantity of water contained in a material, such as soil (called soil moisture), rock, ceramics, crops, or wood. Water content is used in a wide range of scientific and technical areas, and is expressed as a ratio, which can range from 0 (completely dry) to the value of the materials' porosity at ...