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The Reconstruction Acts, or the Military Reconstruction Acts (March 2, 1867, 14 Stat. 428-430, c.153; March 23, 1867, 15 Stat. 2-5, c.6; July 19, 1867, 15 Stat. 14-16, c.30; and March 11, 1868, 15 Stat. 41, c.25), were four statutes passed during the Reconstruction Era by the 40th United States Congress addressing the requirement for Southern States to be readmitted to the Union.
The Reconstruction Acts, as originally passed, were initially called "An act to provide for the more efficient Government of the Rebel States". [121] The legislation was enacted by the 39th Congress, on March 2, 1867.
Board of Education in 1954 and laws such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. [30] The Reconstruction Amendments affected the constitutional division of power between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States, [31] for the Reconstruction Amendments "were specifically designed as an ...
The oath was a critical factor in removing many ex-Confederates from the political arena during the Reconstruction era of the late 1860s. To take the Ironclad Oath, a person had to swear he had never borne arms against the Union or supported the Confederacy: that is, he had "never voluntarily borne arms against the United States", had "voluntarily" given "no aid, countenance, counsel or ...
The act was the last of three Enforcement Acts passed by the United States Congress from 1870 to 1871 during the Reconstruction Era to combat attacks upon the suffrage rights of African Americans. The statute has been subject to only minor changes since then, but has been the subject of voluminous interpretation by courts.
The committee's decisions were recorded in its journal, but the journal did not reveal the committee's debates or discussions, which were deliberately kept secret. [7] Once the committee had completed work on the proposed Fourteenth Amendment, several of its members spoke out, including Senator Howard, who gave a long speech to the full Senate in which he presented "in a very succinct way, the ...
States were no longer allowed either to curtail the privileges of their citizens or to deny equal protection of their laws to any citizen. The Radical Congressional Reconstruction legislation required the suffrage for black men. [2] During Reconstruction, U.S. General John Schofield administered Virginia as Military District One. By the time he ...
Reconstruction gave male, Black farmers, businessmen and soldiers the right to vote for the first time in 1867, as celebrated by Harper's Weekly on its front cover, Nov. 16, 1867. [3] Reconstruction was the period from 1863 to 1877, in which the federal government temporarily took control—one by one—of the Southern states of the Confederacy.