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  2. Marine food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_food_web

    A marine food web is a food web of marine life. At the base of the ocean food web are single-celled algae and other plant-like organisms known as phytoplankton . The second trophic level ( primary consumers ) is occupied by zooplankton which feed off the phytoplankton .

  3. Food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web

    A freshwater aquatic food web. The blue arrows show a complete food chain (algae → daphnia → gizzard shad → largemouth bass → great blue heron). A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community.

  4. Energy flow (ecology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_flow_(ecology)

    There are two major food chains: The primary food chain is the energy coming from autotrophs and passed on to the consumers; and the second major food chain is when carnivores eat the herbivores or decomposers that consume the autotrophic energy. [16] Consumers are broken down into primary consumers, secondary consumers and tertiary consumers.

  5. Trophic level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_level

    Decomposers are often left off food webs, but if included, they mark the end of a food chain. [6] Thus food chains start with primary producers and end with decay and decomposers. Since decomposers recycle nutrients, leaving them so they can be reused by primary producers, they are sometimes regarded as occupying their own trophic level.

  6. 11-year-old’s beach find was likely largest known marine ...

    www.aol.com/news/prehistoric-marine-reptile-may...

    Uncovering the history of marine reptiles is crucial to understanding ancient ocean ecosystems because the creatures filled various niches and shaped ocean food chains, Perillo said, creating ...

  7. Biomass (ecology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass_(ecology)

    Ocean or marine biomass, in a reversal of terrestrial biomass, can increase at higher trophic levels. In the ocean, the food chain typically starts with phytoplankton, and follows the course: Phytoplankton → zooplankton → predatory zooplankton → filter feeders → predatory fish

  8. Zooplankton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooplankton

    Links among the ocean's biological pump and pelagic food web and the ability to sample these components remotely from ships, satellites, and autonomous vehicles. Light blue waters are the euphotic zone , while the darker blue waters represent the twilight zone .

  9. Seagrass meadow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagrass_meadow

    Few species were originally considered to feed directly on seagrass leaves (partly because of their low nutritional content), but scientific reviews and improved working methods have shown that seagrass herbivory is an important link in the food chain, feeding hundreds of species, including green turtles, dugongs, manatees, fish, geese, swans ...