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Schistosomiasis is also common among women, who may have greater exposure through daily chores that involve water, such as washing clothes and fetching water. [10] Other high-risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water during daily living. [5] Schistosomiasis belongs to the group of helminth infections. [11]
The adult lives in the blood vessels (mesenteric veins) near the human intestine. It causes intestinal schistosomiasis (similar to S. japonicum, S. mekongi, S. guineensis, and S. intercalatum). Clinical symptoms are caused by the eggs. As the leading cause of schistosomiasis in the world, it is the most prevalent parasite in humans.
Schistosoma japonicum is an important parasite and one of the major infectious agents of schistosomiasis.This parasite has a very wide host range, infecting at least 31 species of wild mammals, including nine carnivores, 16 rodents, one primate (human), two insectivores and three artiodactyls and therefore it can be considered a true zoonosis.
Schistosoma is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes.They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed schistosomiasis, which is considered by the World Health Organization to be the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), infecting millions worldwide.
Serologic surveys for schistosomiasis due to S. malayensis indicate of 3.9% prevalence in rural populations. [6] It was unsuccessful at adapting to human host. Infected rodents are often found near snail habitats. [6] Infections in humans are unlikely and are considered rare.
It is found in Africa and the Middle East. It is the major agent of schistosomiasis, the most prevalent parasitic infection in humans. [1] It is the only blood fluke that infects the urinary tract, causing urinary schistosomiasis, and is a leading cause of bladder cancer (only next to tobacco smoking). [2] [3] The diseases are caused by the eggs.
One strain lives in the Congo area, particularly Zaire, and the other strain lives in the Lower Guinea area, mainly in Cameroon. [10] Cameroon is a place of scientific interest because three species of human schistosomes live there. [1] Most relevant research conducted on S. intercalatum was performed in, or around, the Loum area in Cameroon.
worldwide: one of the most common human parasites; estimated to infect between 30–50% of the global population. [6] [7] ingestion of uncooked/undercooked pork/lamb/goat with Toxoplasma bradyzoites, ingestion of raw milk with Toxoplasma tachyzoites, ingestion of contaminated water food or soil with oocysts in cat feces that is more than one ...