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The UAH satellite temperature dataset, developed at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, infers the temperature of various atmospheric layers from satellite measurements of the oxygen radiance in the microwave band, using Microwave Sounding Unit temperature measurements.
The STAR-NOAA analysis finds a 1979–2016 trend of +0.129 °C/decade for TMT channel. [20] Using an alternative adjustment to remove the stratospheric contamination, [26] 1979–2011 trends of +0.14 °C/decade when applied to the RSS data set and +0.11 °C/decade when applied to the UAH data set were found. [27]
As a result, different groups that have analyzed the satellite data have produced differing temperature datasets. The satellite time series is not homogeneous. It is constructed from a series of satellites with similar but not identical sensors. The sensors also deteriorate over time, and corrections are necessary for orbital drift and decay.
From November 1978 through March 2011, Earth's atmosphere has warmed at an average rate of about 0.14 C per decade, according to the UAH satellite record. Christy was a lead author of a section of the 2001 report by the IPCC [7] and the U.S. CCSP report Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere – Understanding and Reconciling Differences. [5]
A 2014 study introduced a more sophisticated method of Kriging from the UAH satellite dataset, and found that this considerably reduced the hiatus. [59] Global (land and ocean) surface temperature anomaly time series with new analysis (solid black) versus no corrections for time-dependent biases (blue).
Roy Warren Spencer (born December 20, 1955) [1] is an American meteorologist and climate scientist. [2] He is a principal research scientist at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, and the U.S. Science Team leader for the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) on NASA's Aqua satellite.
Doubts had been raised as early as 2000 about the UAH analysis by the work of Prabhakara et al., [1] which minimised errors due to satellite drift. They found a trend of 0.13 °C/decade, in reasonable agreement with surface trends.
Surface Analysis and Characterization: such as Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Confocal Microsocopy, Ellipsometry, UV, IR, and Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Spectroscopy, and other techniques.