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BRAF is a human gene that encodes a protein called B-Raf. The gene is also referred to as proto-oncogene B-Raf and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, while the protein is more formally known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf.
V600E is a mutation of the BRAF gene in which valine (V) is substituted by glutamic acid (E) at amino acid 600. [1] [2] It is a driver mutation in a proportion of certain diagnoses, including melanoma, [3] [4] hairy cell leukemia, [5] [6] papillary thyroid carcinoma, [7] [8] colorectal cancer, [9] non-small-cell lung cancer, [10] [11] Langerhans cell histiocytosis, [12] Erdheim–Chester ...
Urine tests can aid in diagnosis; they test for the protein bladder tumor antigen (high in bladder tumors) or mutations in the BRAF gene (present in around 80% of dogs with bladder or prostate cancer). [73] Dogs with confirmed cancer are treated with COX-2 inhibitor drugs, such as piroxicam, deracoxib, and meloxicam.
The vet gave the same treatment. However, each time I tried to give her the regular commercial dog food diet, the diarrhea with blood returned. At one point, she developed the 'squirts,' similar ...
A dog with degenerative myelopathy often stands with its legs close together and may not correct an unusual foot position due to a lack of conscious proprioception. Canine degenerative myelopathy, also known as chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy, is an incurable, progressive disease of the canine spinal cord that is similar in many ways to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Dabrafenib is indicated as a single agent for the treatment of people with unresectable or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation. [2] Dabrafenib is indicated, in combination with trametinib, for BRAF V600E-positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer, and unresectable or metastatic solid tumors.
The overwhelming majority of these mutations involve the exchange of a single amino acid: Val 600 into Glu, and this aberrant gene product (BRAF-V600E) can be visualized by immunohistochemistry for clinical molecular diagnostics [59] [60] The aberration can mimic the activation loop phosphorylation and - by jumping all control steps at normal ...
Vemurafenib only works in melanoma patients whose cancer has a V600E BRAF mutation (that is, at amino acid position number 600 on the B-Raf protein, the normal valine is replaced by glutamic acid). [4] About 60% of melanomas have this mutation. It also has efficacy against the rarer V600K BRAF (the normal valine is replaced by lysine) mutation ...