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The Birch reduction is an organic reaction that is used to convert arenes to 1,4-cyclohexadienes.The reaction is named after the Australian chemist Arthur Birch and involves the organic reduction of aromatic rings in an amine solvent (traditionally liquid ammonia) with an alkali metal (traditionally sodium) and a proton source (traditionally an alcohol).
Organic redox reactions: the Birch reduction. Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds.In organic chemistry oxidations and reductions are different from ordinary redox reactions, because many reactions carry the name but do not actually involve electron transfer. [1]
Arthur John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist. [1] [2] [3] [4]Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry.
It is of some importance in synthetic organic chemistry for the organic synthesis of new building blocks [1] and in total synthesis. [2] Types of carbocyclic arene dearomization include hydrogenative ( Birch reduction ), alkylative, photochemical, thermal, oxidative, transition metal-assisted and enzymatic.
A specialized use of sodium-ammonia solutions is the Birch reduction. Other reactions where sodium is used as a reducing agent also are assumed to involve solvated electrons, e.g. the use of sodium in ethanol as in the Bouveault–Blanc reduction .
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Download as PDF; Printable version; ... The first reduction occurs at ≈-1.0 ... C 60 also undergoes Birch reduction. For example, ...
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