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  2. Wilson's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson's_theorem

    In algebra and number theory, Wilson's theorem states that a natural number n > 1 is a prime number if and only if the product of all the positive integers less than n is one less than a multiple of n.

  3. Table of congruences - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_congruences

    Clement's congruence-based theorem characterizes the twin primes pairs of the form (, +) through the following conditions: [()! +] ((+)), +P. A. Clement's original 1949 paper [2] provides a proof of this interesting elementary number theoretic criteria for twin primality based on Wilson's theorem.

  4. Formula for primes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_for_primes

    Because the set of primes is a computably enumerable set, by Matiyasevich's theorem, it can be obtained from a system of Diophantine equations. Jones et al. (1976) found an explicit set of 14 Diophantine equations in 26 variables, such that a given number k + 2 is prime if and only if that system has a solution in nonnegative integers: [7]

  5. Glossary of number theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_number_theory

    Euler's theorem Euler's theorem states that if n and a are coprime positive integers, then a φ(n) is congruent to 1 mod n. Euler's theorem generalizes Fermat's little theorem. Euler's totient function For a positive integer n, Euler's totient function of n, denoted φ(n), is the number of integers coprime to n between 1 and n inclusive.

  6. Wilson prime - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_prime

    In number theory, a Wilson prime is a prime number such that divides ()! +, where "!" denotes the factorial function; compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime divides ()! +. Both are named for 18th-century English mathematician John Wilson ; in 1770, Edward Waring credited the theorem to Wilson, [ 1 ] although it had ...

  7. Category:Theorems in number theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Theorems_in...

    Siegel–Weil formula; Siegel's theorem on integral points; Six exponentials theorem; Skolem–Mahler–Lech theorem; Sophie Germain's theorem; Størmer's theorem; Subspace theorem; Sum of two squares theorem; Szemerédi's theorem

  8. List of theorems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_theorems

    Bohr–Mollerup theorem (gamma function) Bohr–van Leeuwen theorem ; Bolyai–Gerwien theorem (discrete geometry) Bolzano's theorem (real analysis, calculus) Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem (real analysis, calculus) Bombieri's theorem (number theory) Bombieri–Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem (number theory) Bondareva–Shapley theorem

  9. Wilson quotient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_quotient

    The Wilson quotient W(p) is defined as: = ()! + If p is a prime number, the quotient is an integer by Wilson's theorem; moreover, if p is composite, the quotient is not an integer. If p divides W(p), it is called a Wilson prime. The integer values of W(p) are (sequence A007619 in the OEIS): W(2) = 1

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