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Natural killer cells, also known as NK cells, are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system.They are a kind of large granular lymphocytes [1] [2] (LGL), and belong to the rapidly expanding family of known innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and represent 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans. [3]
KLRC2 has been shown to interact and form dimers with CD94. [5] [6] The CD94/NKG2C heterodimer can bind to HLA-E [7] [8] and this binding leads to NK cells activation.During infection with human cytomegalovirus, peptides derived from the virus are presented on HLA-E and natural killer cells that express the CD94/NKG2C receptor can specifically recognise the virus peptides.
In both humans and mice, genes encoding the NKG2 family are clustered – in human genome on chromosome 12, in mouse on chromosome 6. [2] They are generally expressed on NK cells and a subset of CD8 + T cells, although the expression of NKG2D was also confirmed on γδ T cells, NKT cells, and even on some subsets of CD4 + T cells or myeloid cells.
CD94/NKG2 is a family of C-type lectin receptors which are expressed predominantly on the surface of NK cells and a subset of CD8 + T-lymphocyte. [1] [2] These receptors stimulate or inhibit cytotoxic activity of NK cells, therefore they are divided into activating and inhibitory receptors according to their function. [3]
Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte cell involved in the innate immune system's response to viral infection and tumor transformation of host cells. [20] [7] Like T cells, NK cells have many qualities characteristic of the adaptive immune system, including the production of “memory” cells that persist following encounter with antigens and the ability to create a secondary ...
NKG2D is an activating receptor (transmembrane protein) belonging to the NKG2 family of C-type lectin-like receptors. [5] NKG2D is encoded by KLRK1 (killer cell lectin like receptor K1) gene which is located in the NK-gene complex (NKC) situated on chromosome 6 in mice [6] and chromosome 12 in humans. [7]
72310 Ensembl ENSG00000105374 ENSMUSG00000004612 UniProt Q16617 Q99PA5 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005601 NM_001363693 NM_024253 RefSeq (protein) NP_005592 NP_001350622 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 51.37 – 51.37 Mb Chr 7: 43.09 – 43.09 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Natural killer cell granule protein 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NKG7 gene. References ^ a ...
CD38 was first identified in 1980 as a surface marker (cluster of differentiation) of thymus cell lymphocytes.[10] [11] In 1992 it was additionally described as a surface marker on B cells, monocytes, and natural killer cells (NK cells). [10]