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  2. Buffer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow

    If this overwrites adjacent data or executable code, this may result in erratic program behavior, including memory access errors, incorrect results, and crashes. Exploiting the behavior of a buffer overflow is a well-known security exploit. On many systems, the memory layout of a program, or the system as a whole, is well defined.

  3. Segmentation fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_fault

    At the level of code errors, this occurs when the program writes to part of its own code segment or the read-only portion of the data segment, as these are loaded by the OS into read-only memory. Here is an example of ANSI C code that will generally cause a segmentation fault on platforms with memory protection.

  4. Memory safety - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_safety

    Protection relies upon hardware memory protection and thus overhead is typically not substantial, although it can grow significantly if the program makes heavy use of allocation. [16] Randomization provides only probabilistic protection against memory errors, but can often be easily implemented in existing software by relinking the binary.

  5. Memory error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_error

    Memory errors can occur in eyewitness testimonies due to a number of features commonly present in a trial, all of which may influence the authenticity of the memory, and may be detrimental to the outcome of the case at hand. Such features include: Leading questions Refers to how wording of questions can influence how an event is remembered.

  6. Error correction code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_correction_code

    Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of highly efficient linear block codes made from many single parity check (SPC) codes. They can provide performance very close to the channel capacity (the theoretical maximum) using an iterated soft-decision decoding approach, at linear time complexity in terms of their block length.

  7. Memory ordering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_ordering

    Memory ordering is the order of accesses to computer memory by a CPU. Memory ordering depends on both the order of the instructions generated by the compiler at compile time and the execution order of the CPU at runtime .

  8. List of performance analysis tools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_performance...

    Performance and memory profiler that identifies time-intensive functions and detects memory leaks and errors. Proprietary gprof: Linux/Unix Any language supported by gcc: Several tools with combined sampling and call-graph profiling. A set of visualization tools, VCG tools, uses the Call Graph Drawing Interface (CGDI) to interface with gprof.

  9. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    A snippet of Python code with keywords highlighted in bold yellow font. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java. However, there are some ...