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The East India Company officers lived lavish lives, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct Crown control , with an appointed Governor-General of India .
Agreements were also made to divide the world up between them in 1479, 1493, and 1494. European imperialism was born out of competition between European Christians and Ottoman Muslims, the latter of which rose up quickly in the 14th century and forced the Spanish and Portuguese to seek new trade routes to India, and to a lesser extent, China.
Map of the European Union in the world, with Overseas Countries and Territories and Outermost Regions. Danish Gold Coast; Danish India; Danish West Indies Frederiksstad on Saint Croix, Danish West Indies, 1848; Faroe Islands; Greenland
The European countries which had the most colonies throughout history were: United Kingdom (130), France ... Colonial Mauritania;
1848–49: Second Sikh war; the British East India Company subjugates the Sikh Empire, and annexes Punjab; 1857: Indian Rebellion suppressed. It has major long-term impact on reluctance to grant independence to Indians. [42] 1858: The government of India transferred from East India Company to the crown; the government appoints a viceroy.
Whereas Spanish colonialism was based on the religious conversion and exploitation of local populations via encomiendas (many Spaniards emigrated to the Americas to elevate their social status, and were not interested in manual labour), Northern European colonialism was frequently bolstered by people fleeing religious persecution or intolerance ...
The first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean was the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama, who reached Calicut in 1498 in search of spice. [3] Just over a century later, the Dutch and English established trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent, with the first English trading post set up at Surat in 1613.
Instead, Dutch India was divided into the governorates Dutch Ceylon and Dutch Coromandel, the commandment Dutch Malabar, and the directorates Dutch Bengal and Dutch Suratte. The Dutch Indies, on the other hand, were the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia ) and the Dutch West Indies (present-day Suriname and the former Netherlands Antilles ).