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The destruction of Hargeisa and Burao (Somali: duqayntii Hargeysa iyo Burco) occurred in 1988 during the Somali Civil War.It was part of a counteroffensive launched by the Somali government under President Mohamed Siad Barre against the Somali National Movement (SNM), an opposition group active in northern Somalia (modern-day Somaliland).
The Somali National Movement (Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الحركة الوطنية الصومالية) was one of the first and most important organized guerilla groups and Mujahideen [4] groups that opposed the Siad Barre regime in the 1980s to the 1990s, as well as being the main anti-government faction during the Somaliland War of Independence. [5]
On April 10, 1983, SNM Colonel Abdillahi Askar was captured by the 26th Sector of Hargeisa, Somali armed forces. He was scheduled to be publicly executed the next day. [3] At the time, Koodbur was secretly involved in the SNM and was also the public relations officer for the 26th Sector of the Somali armed forces Hargeisa.
Ibrahim Degaweyne (Somali: Ibraahim Cabdilaahi Xuseen (Dhagaweyne), Ibraahin C/laahi Xuseen Dhego Wayne) is a Colonel of Somali National Movement (SNM). He is said to have never lost a battle. [1] Degaweyne confronted the Somaliland government over control of Berbera shortly after Somaliland regained independence.
On August 29, 2010, He died in Hargeisa. The funeral of the deceased was attended by the President of Somaliland and hundreds of Somalilanders. [1] Later, the Abdillahi Askar Military Academy, named after him, was established in Dararweyne (east of Hargaysa) and graduated its first class in 2020. [8]
Kosar joined the newly formed Somali National Movement and was the leader of its Military wing where he trained and led SNM fighters on many operations against the SNA. [5] In 1983 tensions rose between the two ideological camps of the SNM, the religious civilian camp led by Sheikh Yusuf Madar and the secular military officers led by Kosar ...
Between 1985 and 1987, the SNM conducted many attacks on government facilities and troops based out of camps in Ethiopia. By 1988, the SNM moved out of their camps in Ethiopia and began operating in northern Somali republic, the area now known as Somaliland. [2] They even temporarily occupied the provincial capitals of Burao and Hargeysa.
[10] [11] The SNM captured Burao on 27 May within two hours, [12] while the SNM entered Hargeisa on 29 May, overrunning most of the city apart from its airport by 1 June. [8] During the offensive the Somali National Army committed gross human rights violations, including attacking the civilian population using heavy artillery and tanks.