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Qi: Also commonly spelled ch'i, chi or ki, is a fundamental concept of everyday Chinese culture, most often defined as "air" or "breath" (for example, the colloquial Mandarin Chinese term for "weather" is tiān qi, or the "breath of heaven") and, by extension, "life force" or "spiritual energy" that is part of everything that exists.
Historically, the words religious and spiritual have been used synonymously to describe all the various aspects of the concept of religion. [1] However, religion is a highly contested term with scholars such as Russell McCutcheon arguing that the term "religion" is used as a way to name a "seemingly distinct domain of diverse items of human activity and production". [6]
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality is referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to spirituality: . Spirituality may refer to an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality, [1] [need quotation to verify] an inner path enabling a person to discover the essence of their own being, or the "deepest values and meanings by which people live."
A minister who has been entrusted with the spiritual care of some specific organization. May be ordained or a lay ecclesial minister. Religious Brothers, including monks, friars Referred to as Brother, Br., or Rev. Br. A man who has taken solemn vows to a form of community life. Religious Sisters, including nuns: Referred to as Sister, Sr., or ...
Examples of divine madness can be found in Buddhism, Christianity, Hellenism, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism and Shamanism. It is usually explained as a manifestation of enlightened behavior by persons who have transcended societal norms, or as a means of spiritual practice or teaching among mendicants and teachers.
Anchorite – a person who withdraws from secular society to be able to lead an intensely prayer-orientated life. Anno Domini (AD) – Latin term for Year of the Lord, the Lord in this case being Jesus, by Christian reckoning, the Messiah. Due to western dominance of the world, this has become the common world calendar system, though many ...
[13] [14] [15] The noun form hallow, as used in Hallowtide, is a synonym of the word saint. [16] [17] [18] In the various branches of Christianity the details differ. Sanctification in Christianity usually refers to a person becoming holy, [19] while consecration in Christianity may include setting apart a person, building, or object, for God