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The United States Department of Justice defines school resource officers (SRO) as "sworn law enforcement officers responsible for the safety and crime prevention in schools". [1] [2] They are employed by a local police or sheriff's department and work closely with administrators in an effort to create a safer environment for both students and ...
The program originally began as a nine-lesson middle-school curriculum. In early 1992, the first GREAT Officer Program was conducted in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1993, due to its perceived success, the program was expanded nationwide. In 1993–98, the program added the regional partners, a national policy board, and thousands of trained officers.
Additionally, some prevention programs may not be a good fit with the local context and may require tailoring. Finally, schools may struggle to sustain programs due to limited resources and support. Despite these challenges, recent efforts have been made to bridge the gap between research and practice in school-based prevention programs.
Community crime prevention relates to interventions designed to bring reform to the social conditions that influence, and encourage, offending in residential communities. Community crime prevention has a focus on both the social and local institutions found within communities which can influence crime rates, specifically juvenile delinquency .
Problem-oriented policing (POP), coined by University of Wisconsin–Madison professor Herman Goldstein, is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies. POP requires police to identify and target underlying problems that can lead to ...
Collective efficacy not only reduces crime in public places, but also lowers the likelihood of some forms of crime in private spaces (for example, inside the home). A 2002 Chicago study, for example, found that collective efficacy reduces the probability of both female homicide and physical violence against females by male partners. [ 3 ]
In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a ...
Teacher assault was more likely to occur in schools located in high-crime neighbourhoods. [34] Exposure to deviant peers is a risk factor for high levels of aggressivity. [ 6 ] [ 10 ] Research has shown that poverty and high population densities are associated with higher rates of school violence. [ 29 ]