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The caterpillars are mostly found in oak trees or on the ground under them in late spring and early summer, and do not live on fences, walls, etc. as other caterpillars do. They have very long, white hairs contrasting markedly with shorter hairs. [1] The caterpillars of several other species may be mistaken for the oak processionary. [3]
The oak leafrollers feed on all types of oak trees, but are especially prone to infestations in northern red oak, scarlet oak, and species found on mountain and ridge tops such as chestnut oak and white oak. In addition to oaks, Archips semiferanus have been known to feed on witchhazel and apple trees occasionally.
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Older records on beech (Fagus) and apple trees (Malus) require confirmation. The caterpillars live from August to May in feeding tunnels and round chambers under the bark of tree trunks. The infestation can be recognized by the light brown caterpillar droppings, which appear in bark cracks.
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As a consequence, a colony of caterpillars produces large quantities of frass. This is particularly noticeable during outbreaks of the forest tent caterpillar. Frass dropping from treetops in which the caterpillars are feeding create the auditory illusion of rainfall. Tent caterpillars typically have five to six larval instars. It is estimated ...
An oak tree shows signs of the effect of Sudden Oak Death disease at the Los Trancos Open Space Preserve near Palo Alto, Calif. on Wednesday, July 13, 2011. Crews from the California Conservation ...
The caterpillars are solitary nighttime feeders in early stages, when they curl up in a "j" shaped pattern during the day and resemble two-toned bird droppings. As the caterpillars age, they feed during the day. They molt four times.