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Propionate fermentation is a form of fermentation with propionic acid as one of the products. This process is done through the fermentation pathway of bacteria. It is used in a variety of industrial, food-making, and medical applications.
Propionic acid inhibits the growth of mold and some bacteria at levels between 0.1 and 1% by weight. As a result, some propionic acid produced is consumed as a preservative for both animal feed and food for human consumption. For animal feed, it is used either directly or as its ammonium salt. This application accounts for about half of the ...
It is used in several products, which include: fertilizers, water treatment chemicals, and plant protection products. It is also used in different areas, such as: manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, and fishing. [1] It also serves as an antiseptic, antifungal agent, antimould agent, and preservative in feed industry or food industry. [2]
It is used as a food preservative and is represented by the food labeling E number E281 in Europe; it is used primarily as a mold inhibitor in bakery products. It is approved for use as a food additive in the EU, [ 2 ] USA [ 3 ] and Australia and New Zealand [ 4 ] (where it is listed by its INS number 281).
Therefore, some people are urging that sulfur dioxide be banned as a preservative and food additive, in wine and other food and beverages. [10] Propionic acid, which is also used as a preservative, has also been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents. [8] However, there are currently only two ways to minimize the health threat of sulfur dioxide. [10]
It is also used in the production of some antimalarial drugs including pyrimethamine. [6] Ethyl propionate can be synthesized by the Fischer esterification of ethanol and propionic acid: CH 3 CH 2 OH + CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H → CH 3 CH 2 O 2 CCH 2 CH 3 + H 2 O. It participates in condensation reactions by virtue of the weakly acidic methylene group. [7]
Typical agents include the following acids and their sodium salts: sorbic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, and propionic acid. [2] Acidity regulators are indicated by their E number, such as E260 (acetic acid), or simply listed as "food acid". Acidity regulators differ from acidulants, which are often acidic but are added to confer sour flavors ...
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