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In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes. The name is derived from "tape archive", as it was originally developed to write data to sequential I/O devices with no file system of their own, such as devices that use magnetic tape.
Files compressed by compress are typically given the extension ".Z" (modeled after the earlier pack program which used the extension ".z"). Most tar programs will pipe their data through compress when given the command line option "-Z". (The tar program in its own does not compress; it just stores multiple files within one tape archive.)
A single file container/archive that can be reconstructed even after total loss of file system structures. .tar application/x-tar Tape archive: Unix-like A common archive format used on Unix-like systems. Generally used in conjunction with compressors such as gzip, bzip2, compress or xz to create .tar.gz, .tar.bz2, .tar.Z or tar.xz files.
A tar.gz is created by joining the files in tar and then compressing with gzip. In computing, solid compression is a method for data compression of multiple files, wherein all the uncompressed files are concatenated and treated as a single data block. Such an archive is called a solid archive.
libarchive provides command-line utilities called bsdtar and bsdcpio. [3] These are complete re-implementation based on libarchive. [9] [10] These are the default system tar and cpio on FreeBSD, NetBSD, macOS and Windows. [5] There is also bsdcat, designed to decompress a file to the standard output like zcat. [11]
tar.z compressed file (often tar zip) using Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm 1F A0 ␟⍽ 0 z tar.z Compressed file (often tar zip) using LZH algorithm 2D 68 6C 30 2D-lh0-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 0 (No compression) 2D 68 6C 35 2D-lh5-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 5 (8 KiB sliding window) 42 41 43 4B 4D 49 4B 45 44 ...
The operating systems the archivers can run on without emulation or compatibility layer. Ubuntu's own GUI Archive manager, for example, can open and create many archive formats (including Rar archives) even to the extent of splitting into parts and encryption and ability to be read by the native program.
Per-file compression with gzip, bzip2, lzo, xz or lzma (as opposed to compressing the whole archive). An individual can choose not to compress already compressed files based on their filename suffix. Fast-extracting of files from anywhere in the archive; Fast listing of archive contents through saving the catalogue of files in the archive