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  2. Germanic strong verb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_strong_verb

    The coherence of the strong verb system is still present in modern German, Dutch, Icelandic and Faroese. For example, in German and Dutch, strong verbs are consistently marked with a past participle in -en, while weak verbs have a past participle in -t in German and -t or -d in Dutch. In English, however, the original regular strong ...

  3. Germanic verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_verbs

    The Germanic strong preterite shows the expected Germanic development of short o to short a in the singular and zero grade in the plural; these make up the second and third principal parts of the strong verb. The Indo-European perfect originally carried its own set of personal endings, the remnants of which are seen in the Germanic strong ...

  4. German verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_verbs

    German verbs may be classified as either weak, with a dental consonant inflection, or strong, showing a vowel gradation ().Both of these are regular systems. Most verbs of both types are regular, though various subgroups and anomalies do arise; however, textbooks for learners often class all strong verbs as irregular.

  5. Proto-Germanic grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_grammar

    An example verb *nemaną "to take" is shown here to illustrate the inflection of strong verbs. Other strong verbs were inflected analogously, but with different vowels in the root and/or reduplication of the initial consonant(s). The j-present verbs were inflected like weak class 1 verbs in the present tense, but dropped the j-suffix in the ...

  6. Middle High German verbs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_High_German_verbs

    Verbs in Middle High German are divided into two basic categories, based upon the formation of the preterite: strong and weak. Strong verbs exhibit an alternation of the stem vowel in the preterite and past participle (called apophony, vowel gradation, or, traditionally, Ablaut), while in weak verbs, the vowel generally remains the same as in ...

  7. Strong inflection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_inflection

    A strong inflection is a system of verb conjugation or noun/adjective declension which can be contrasted with an alternative system in the same language, which is then known as a weak inflection. The term strong was coined with reference to the Germanic verb , but has since been used of other phenomena in these and other languages, which may or ...

  8. Germanic languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_languages

    The vast majority of verbs in all Germanic languages are weak; the remaining verbs with vowel ablaut are the strong verbs. The distinction has been lost in Afrikaans. A distinction in definiteness of a noun phrase that is marked by different sets of inflectional endings for adjectives, the so-called strong and weak inflections.

  9. Old Saxon grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Saxon_grammar

    Strong verbs use the Germanic form of conjugation known as ablaut. In this form of conjugation, the stem of the word changes to indicate the tense. Verbs like this persist in modern English; for example sing, sang, sung is a strong verb, as is swim, swam, swum and choose, chose, chosen. The root portion of the word changes rather than its ending.