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The 7/12 extract is an extract from the land register maintained by the revenue department of the governments of Maharashtra and Gujarat, states in India. [when?] The extract gives information of the survey number of the land, the name of the owner of the land and its cultivator, the area of the land, the type of cultivation - whether irrigated or rain fed, the crops planted in the last ...
Genetic mutation; Growth or hormone disorders; Skin disorders; Reconstructive surgery following a severe injury, e.g. burn injury; Deformity can occur in all organisms: Frogs can be mutated due to Ribeiroia infection. Plants can undergo irreversible cell deformation [1] Insects, such as honeybees, can be affected by deformed wing virus
A germline mutation in the reproductive cells of an individual gives rise to a constitutional mutation in the offspring, that is, a mutation that is present in every cell. A constitutional mutation can also occur very soon after fertilization , or continue from a previous constitutional mutation in a parent. [ 90 ]
Molecular genetics is a branch of biology that addresses how differences in the structures or expression of DNA molecules manifests as variation among organisms. Molecular genetics often applies an "investigative approach" to determine the structure and/or function of genes in an organism's genome using genetic screens.
A mutation will increase genetic diversity in the short term, as a new gene is introduced to the gene pool. However, the persistence of this gene is dependent of drift and selection (see above). Most new mutations either have a neutral or negative effect on fitness, while some have a positive effect. [ 11 ]
Albinism is the mutation of the TYR gene, also termed tyrosinase. This mutation causes the most common form of albinism. The mutation alters the production of melanin, thereby affecting melanin-related and other dependent traits throughout the organism. Melanin is a substance made by the body that is used to absorb light and provides coloration ...
Spontaneous mutations account for about 33% of all cases of haemophilia A. [29] The most common mutation that causes severe cases of haemophilia A is an inversion within intron 22 of the factor VIII gene (F8) which is located near the tip of the X chromosome, leading to an abnormal crossover during meiosis. [30]
Types of mutations that can be introduced by random, site-directed, combinatorial, or insertional mutagenesis. In molecular biology, mutagenesis is an important laboratory technique whereby DNA mutations are deliberately engineered to produce libraries of mutant genes, proteins, strains of bacteria, or other genetically modified organisms. The ...