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Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
Fixed drug reactions are common and so named because they recur at the same site with each exposure to a particular medication. [1] Medications inducing fixed drug eruptions are usually those taken intermittently.
Generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE) most commonly refers to a drug reaction in the erythema multiforme group. [3]: 129 These are uncommon reactions to medications, with an incidence of 0.4 to 1.2 per million person-years for toxic epidermal necrolysis and 1.2 to 6.0 per million person-years for Stevens–Johnson syndrome.
Some of the most severe and life-threatening examples of drug eruptions are erythema multiforme, Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), hypersensitivity vasculitis, drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), erythroderma and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). [4]
Generalized erythema is a skin condition that may be caused by ... [1]: 139 See also ... Necrolytic acral erythema; List of cutaneous conditions; References This page ...
As of yet, the precise etiology of necrolytic acral erythema remains unknown. Numerous causes, including hepatic dysfunction, hypoglucagonemia, hypoalbimunemia, hypoaminoacidemia, zinc deficiency, and diabetes with or without an underlying hepatitis C viral infection, have been postulated as part of the multifactorial pathophysiology of necrolytic acral erythema.
AGEP is characterized by sudden skin eruptions that appear on average five days after a medication is started. These eruptions are pustules, i.e. small red white or red elevations of the skin that contain cloudy or purulent material . [1] The skin lesions usually resolve within 1–3 days of stopping the offending medication. [2]
The symptoms of DRESS syndrome usually begin 2 to 6 weeks but uncommonly up to 8–16 weeks after exposure to an offending drug. Symptoms generally include fever, an often itchy rash which may be morbilliform or consist mainly of macules or plaques, facial edema (i.e. swelling, which is a hallmark of the disease), enlarged and sometimes painful lymph nodes, and other symptoms due to ...