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  2. Non-reformist reform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-reformist_Reform

    Non-reformist reform, also referred to as abolitionist reform, [1] anti-capitalist reform, [2] [3] [4] revolutionary reform, [5] [6] structural reform [7] [8] [9] and transformative reform, [10] [11] is a reform that "is conceived, not in terms of what is possible within the framework of a given system and administration, but in view of what should be made possible in terms of human needs and ...

  3. Social changes in 18th to 19th-century Prussia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_changes_in_18th_to...

    "A Prussian Officer's Quarters, 1830" (Cooper Hewitt Museum)Prussia underwent major social change between the mid-17th and mid-18th centuries as the nobility declined as the traditional aristocracy struggled to compete with the rising merchant class, which developed into a new Bourgeoisie middle class, while the emancipation of the serfs granted the rural peasantry land purchasing rights and ...

  4. Prussian Reform Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prussian_Reform_Movement

    The Prussian Reform Movement was a series of constitutional, administrative, social, and economic reforms early in 19th-century Prussia. They are sometimes known as the Stein–Hardenberg Reforms , for Karl Freiherr vom Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg , their main initiators.

  5. 18th-century history of Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../18th-century_history_of_Germany

    The agrarian reforms in northwestern Germany in 1770–1870 were driven by progressive governments and local elites. They abolished feudal obligations and divided collectively owned common land into private parcels; and thus created a more efficient market-oriented rural economy; resulting in higher productivity and population growth.

  6. Land reform in Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_reform_in_Germany

    But his reform did not have much effect, because the peasants had no land, and thus were forced to return to serving their previous lords in return for a right to till their lands. In 1798, Frederick William III of Prussia expressed his royal desire to see serfdom abolished throughout the kingdom, and permitted peasants to redeem their corvée ...

  7. André Gorz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/André_Gorz

    In the 1960s and 1970s, he was a main theorist in the New Left movement and coined the concept of non-reformist reform. [5] His central theme was wage labour issues such as liberation from work, the just distribution of work, social alienation, and a guaranteed basic income. [6]

  8. Liturgical Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liturgical_Movement

    The Liturgical Movement was a 19th-century and 20th-century movement of scholarship for the reform of worship. It began in the Catholic Church and spread to many other Christian churches including the Anglican Communion, Lutheran and some other Protestant churches. [1]

  9. Investiture Controversy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investiture_Controversy

    Woodcut of a medieval king investing a bishop with the symbols of office, Philip Van Ness Myers, 1905. The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest (German: Investiturstreit, pronounced [ɪnvɛstiˈtuːɐ̯ˌʃtʁaɪt] ⓘ) was a conflict between the Church and the state in medieval Europe over the ability to choose and install bishops (investiture) [1] and abbots of monasteries and the ...