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Under the free margin of the nail, hyperkeratosis causes the nail plate to pull up and results in a deformity that resembles a gaping toecap separated from the sole at the seam. Pitting and sporadic cross-ridging of the nail plate are more common in fingernails than toenails.
The defining characteristic of a keratoacanthoma is that it is dome-shaped, symmetrical, surrounded by a smooth wall of inflamed skin, and capped with keratin scales and debris. It grows rapidly, reaching a large size within days or weeks, and if untreated for months will almost always starve itself of nourishment, necrose (die), slough, and ...
Onychoschizia, also known as nail splitting and brittle nails, is a splitting of the free-edged tip of the nail. [1] There is also often a longitudinal split in addition to the separation of keratin layers.
Scale: Dry or greasy laminated masses of keratin, [30] they represent thickened stratum corneum. [29] Crust: Dried sebum usually mixed with epithelial and sometimes bacterial debris [10] Lichenification: Epidermal thickening characterized by visible and palpable thickening of the skin with accentuated skin markings [1]
Onychorrhexis also known as brittle nails, is brittleness with breakage of fingernails or toenails. Paronychia is a bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet. Koilonychia is when the nail curves upwards (becomes spoon-shaped) due to an iron deficiency. The normal process of change is: brittle nails, straight nails, spoon-shaped ...
Keratosis obturans is a relatively uncommon ear disease, where a dense plug of keratin, formed by abnormal accumulation of desquamated skin in sheet-like layers , forms in the bony (deeper) part of the external auditory canal. [1]
Pachyonychia congenita (often abbreviated as "PC") is a rare group of autosomal dominant skin disorders that are caused by a mutation in one of five different keratin genes. Pachyonychia congenita is often associated with thickened toenails, plantar keratoderma, and plantar pain.
Keratin (skin debris) combines with oil to block the follicle. [3] A comedo can be open ( blackhead ) or closed by skin ( whitehead ) and occur with or without acne . [ 3 ] The word comedo comes from Latin comedere 'to eat up' and was historically used to describe parasitic worms; in modern medical terminology, it is used to suggest the worm ...