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Several classes of medications, collectively referred to as antihypertensive medications, are available for treating hypertension. Use should take into account the person's cardiovascular risk (including risk of myocardial infarction and stroke), as well as blood pressure readings, in order to gain a more accurate picture of the person's risks.
As of 2018, the best available evidence favors low-dose thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. [5] Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of ...
High blood pressure is the most common chronic medical problem prompting visits to primary health care providers in US. The American Heart Association estimated the direct and indirect costs of high blood pressure in 2010 as $76.6 billion. [163]
Some examples include: Diazoxide [1] vasodilator used for hypertension, smooth muscle relaxing activity; Minoxidil [2] vasodilator used for hypertension, also used to treat hair loss; Nicorandil [3] vasodilator used to treat angina; Pinacidil [4] Retigabine, [5] [6] an anticonvulsant; Flupirtine, analgesic with muscle relaxant and ...
Left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive heart disease is the result of structural and functional adaptations [18] leading to left ventricular hypertrophy, [19] [20] [21] diastolic dysfunction, [18] [20] CHF (Congestive Heart Failure), abnormalities of blood flow due to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease [18] and microvascular disease, [10] [19] and cardiac arrhythmias. [19]
A hypertensive emergency is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems (especially brain, eyes, heart, aorta, or kidneys). It is different from a hypertensive urgency by this additional evidence for impending irreversible hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD).
Amlodipine, sold under the brand name Norvasc among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, coronary artery disease (CAD) [10] and variant angina (also called Prinzmetal angina or coronary artery vasospasm, among other names). [11] It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth). [10]
Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine. [4]