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Salmonella species lead predominantly host-associated lifestyles, but the bacteria were found to be able to persist in a bathroom setting for weeks following contamination, and are frequently isolated from water sources, which act as bacterial reservoirs and may help to facilitate transmission between hosts. [31]
Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. [1] It is the most common disease to be known as food poisoning (though the name refers to food-borne illness in general), these are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who discovered it in 1897. [1] Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals; it is the causative agent of human ...
Hektoen enteric agar (HEK, HE or HEA) is a selective and differential agar [1] primarily used to recover Salmonella and Shigella from patient specimens. HEA contains indicators of lactose fermentation and hydrogen sulfide production; as well as inhibitors to prevent the growth of Gram-positive bacteria.
Unlike other bacteria, Shigella is not destroyed by the gastric acid in the stomach. As a result, it takes only 10 to 200 cells to cause an infection. [ 13 ] This infectious dose is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of other species of bacteria (e.g., cholera , caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae , has an infectious dose between ...
Shigella flexneri is a rod shaped, nonflagellar bacterium that relies on actin-based motility. It produces the protein actin in a swift and continuous fashion to propel itself forward within and between the host's cells. [4] This bacterium is gram-negative, non-spore forming Shigella from serogroup B. There are 6 serotypes within this serogroup.
Salmonella is a group of bacteria that can cause foodborne illness. It is commonly associated with undercooked meat and eggs; however, outbreaks have recently been linked to other foods, such as ...
Toxic megacolon paralyzes bowel movements or causes passing gas. Reactive arthritis, which is the inflammation of joints [13] Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a complication that occurs when bacteria enter the digestive system and produce toxins to destroy red blood cells that may cause bloody diarrhea as a symptom.