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Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides , medications, and nerve agents . [ 4 ] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea , vomiting, small pupils , sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [ 2 ]
In November 2006, BASF sold its global Terbufos insecticide business to American AMVAC (American Vanguard Corporation). [14] Organophosphate poisoning is not common in the developed world. Most cases of terbufos poisoning occur in the developing world, where protection against pesticides is scarce, but compounds such as terbufos are widespread ...
In humans, studies about the effect of PON1 activity on the toxicity of chlorpyrifos and other organophosphates are mixed, with modest yet inconclusive evidence that higher levels of PON1 activity may protect against chlorpyrifos exposure in adults; PON1 activity may be most likely to offer protection from low-level chronic doses. [67]
Specific treatments for acute pesticide poisoning are often dependent on the pesticide or class of pesticide responsible for the poisoning. However, there are basic management techniques that are applicable to most acute poisonings, including skin decontamination, airway protection, gastrointestinal decontamination, and seizure treatment. [24]
Phorate is an organophosphate used as an insecticide and acaricide. ... It is very toxic both for target organisms and for mammals including humans.
Parathion, also called parathion-ethyl or diethyl parathion, is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide.It was originally developed by IG Farben in the 1940s. It is highly toxic to non-target organisms, including humans, so its use has been banned or restricted in most countries.
Symptoms of exposure to this material include increased perspiration, nausea, lachrymation, salivation, blurred vision, diarrhea, pulmonary edema, respiratory embarrassment and convulsions. The chemical material may be absorbed through the skin and is a lachrymator. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor and is a positive animal carcinogen. [7]
Cholinesterase reactivators are drugs that reverse the inhibition of cholinesterase by organophosphates or sulfonates. [1] They are used as antidote for treating organophosphate insecticide and nerve agent poisoning. [2] Organophosphates are used industrially in agricultural pesticides, and globally as agents of chemical warfare.