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Philosophical Investigations (German: Philosophische Untersuchungen) is a work by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, published posthumously in 1953.. Philosophical Investigations is divided into two parts, consisting of what Wittgenstein calls, in the preface, Bemerkungen, translated by G. E. M. Anscombe as "remarks".
Translation issues make the concepts hard to pinpoint, especially given Wittgenstein's usage of terms and difficulty in translating ideas into words. [ 28 ] The Tractatus caught the attention of the philosophers of the Vienna Circle (1921–1933), especially Rudolf Carnap and Moritz Schlick .
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (/ ˈ v ɪ t ɡ ən ʃ t aɪ n,-s t aɪ n / VIT-gən-s(h)tyne, [7] Austrian German: [ˈluːdvɪk ˈjoːsɛf ˈjoːhan ˈvɪtɡn̩ʃtaɪn]; 26 April 1889 – 29 April 1951) was an Austrian philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language.
Brian McGuinness (22 October 1927 – 23 December 2019) was a Wittgenstein scholar best known for his translation, with David Pears, of the Tractatus-Logico-Philosophicus, [1] and for his biography of the first half of Wittgenstein's life. He was christened with the forenames "Bernard Francis" but changed his name to "Brian" in his youth. [2]
The term "Family resemblance" as feature of Wittgenstein's philosophy owes much to its translation in English. Wittgenstein, who wrote mostly in German, used the compound word Familienähnlichkeit, but as he lectured and conversed in English he used 'family likeness' (e.g. The Blue Book, p. 17,33; The Brown Book,§66).
Wittgenstein also gives the example of "Water!", which can be used as an exclamation, an order, a request, or an answer to a question. [5] The meaning of the word depends on the language-game within which it is being used. Another way Wittgenstein puts the point is that the word "water" has no meaning apart from its use within a language-game.
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Jon Fosse, Aliss at the Fire (PEN Center USA Translation Award) Jon Fosse, Melancholy I-II (co-translated with Grethe Kvernes) Jon Fosse, Septology, Volumes 1-7 [7] Jon Fosse, Morning and Evening; Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus: A New Translation, with an introduction by Marjorie Perloff (New York: Liveright, 2024, ISBN 978 ...