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  2. Butanol fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanol_fuel

    The octane rating of n-butanol is similar to that of gasoline but lower than that of ethanol and methanol. n-Butanol has a RON (Research Octane number) of 96 and a MON (Motor octane number) of 78 (with a resulting "(R+M)/2 pump octane number" of 87, as used in North America) while t-butanol has octane ratings of 105 RON and 89 MON.

  3. Alcohol fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_fuel

    Butanol combustion: C 4 H 9 OH + 6O 2 → 4CO 2 + 5H 2 O + heat Propanol combustion: 2C 3 H 7 OH + 9O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 8H 2 O + heat The 3-carbon alcohol, propanol (C 3 H 7 OH), is not often used as a direct fuel source for petrol engines (unlike ethanol, methanol and butanol), with most being directed into use as a solvent. However, it is used ...

  4. Liquid fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_fuel

    Butanol's only major disadvantages are its high flashpoint (35 °C or 95 °F), toxicity (note that toxicity levels exist but are not precisely confirmed), and the fact that the fermentation process for renewable butanol emits a foul odour. The Weizmann organism can only tolerate butanol levels up to 2% or so, compared to 14% for ethanol and yeast.

  5. Butanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butanol

    Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C 4 H 9 O H, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; [1] all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH).

  6. Alcohol (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_(chemistry)

    1-propanol, 1-butanol, and isobutyl alcohol for use as a solvent and precursor to solvents; C6–C11 alcohols used for plasticizers, e.g. in polyvinylchloride; fatty alcohol (C12–C18), precursors to detergents; Methanol is the most common industrial alcohol, with about 12 million tons/y produced in 1980.

  7. Butane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butane

    When oxygen is plentiful, butane undergoes complete combustion to form carbon dioxide and water vapor; when oxygen is limited, due to incomplete combustion, carbon or carbon monoxide may be formed instead of carbon dioxide. Butane is denser than air. When there is sufficient oxygen: 2 C 4 H 10 + 13 O 2 → 8 CO 2 + 10 H 2 O. When oxygen is limited:

  8. Butyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyraldehyde

    Butyraldehyde is a component in the two-step synthesis of trimethylolpropane, which is used for the production of alkyd resins. [ 5 ] A major use of butyraldehyde is in the production of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate , a major plasticizer.

  9. Chemical substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substance

    Here, one molecule of methane reacts with two molecules of oxygen gas to yield one molecule of carbon dioxide and two molecules of water. This particular chemical equation is an example of complete combustion. Stoichiometry measures these quantitative relationships, and is used to determine the amount of products and reactants that are produced ...