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Acetoacetic acid (IUPAC name: 3-oxobutanoic acid, also known as acetonecarboxylic acid or diacetic acid) is the organic compound with the formula CH 3 COCH 2 COOH. It is the simplest beta- keto acid , and like other members of this class, it is unstable.
Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules or compounds that contain the ketone groups produced from fatty acids by the liver (ketogenesis). [1] [2] Ketone bodies are readily transported into tissues outside the liver, where they are converted into acetyl-CoA (acetyl-Coenzyme A) – which then enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and is oxidized for energy.
The organic compound ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is the ethyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is a colorless liquid. It is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of compounds.
Acetoacetyl CoA is the precursor of HMG-CoA in the mevalonate pathway, which is essential for cholesterol biosynthesis.It also takes a similar role in the ketone bodies synthesis (ketogenesis) pathway of the liver. [1]
The organic compound methyl acetoacetate is the methyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is a colorless liquid. It is used as a chemical intermediate. Many of its properties are similar to those for ethyl acetoacetate, which is more common. At large scale, methyl acetoacetate is industrially produced by treatment of diketene with methanol. [2]
α-Acetolactic acid is a precursor in the biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids valine and leucine. α-Acetolactic acid is produced from two molecules of pyruvic acid by acetolactate synthase. α-Acetolactic acid can also be decarboxylated by alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase to produce acetoin.
It is this acetoacetic acid that will enter the energy pathway using beta-ketothialase, becoming two Acetyl-CoA molecules. [1] The Acetyl CoA is then able to enter the Krebs cycle in order to generate ATP. The remaining BHB molecules that aren't synthesized into acetoacetic acid are then converted to acetone through the acetoacetate ...
Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a chemical reaction where ethyl acetoacetate is alkylated at the α-carbon to both carbonyl groups and then converted into a ketone, or more specifically an α-substituted acetone. This is very similar to malonic ester synthesis. Acetoacetic ester synthesis equation