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short-stroke gas piston Short stroke gas piston and bolt carrier group, from a gas piston AR-15. With a short-stroke or tappet system, the piston moves separately from the bolt group. It may directly push [12] the bolt group parts, as in the M1 carbine, or operate through a connecting rod or assembly, as in the Armalite AR-18 or the SKS.
In most automatic firearms that use delayed blowback, recoil, or gas operation, the bolt itself is housed within the larger bolt carrier group (BCG), which contains additional parts that receives rearward push from a gas tube (direct impingement) or a gas piston (short-stroke or long-stroke piston) system.
The AR-15 uses an L-type flip, aperture rear sight and it is adjustable with two settings, 0 to 300 meters and 300 to 400 meters. [16] The front sight is a post adjustable for elevation. The rear sight can be adjusted for windage. The sights can be adjusted with a bullet tip or pointed tool. The AR-15 can also mount a scope on the carrying handle.
The resulting COAL of 2.300" is only 1.02 mm longer than the maximum COAL for chambering a cartridge in the smaller AR-15; however, the 45 Raptor chamber pressure is allowed to be as high as 62,000 PSI. This means that the stronger AR-10 receiver and bolt carrier group is needed for shooting this cartridge.
The operating rod is connected to the bolt carrier group and rides through a machined boss in the receiver rail system interface, keeping the bolt carrier in a linear plane as it operates. This eliminates carrier tilt. A spring-loaded dust shield mounted on the bolt carrier allows the bolt carrier to return to ready position.
The rifle features a short-stroke piston mechanism as opposed to the semi-direct impingement system of the AR-15. Gas flow is controlled by a four position regulator. Several key parts, such as the gas piston, gas regulator, and bolt/carrier group are chrome plated. The bolt carrier features an integral lug in place of the AR-15's gas key.
The Stoner bolt and carrier piston system is a widely known gas system designed by Eugene Stoner. The patent for the gas operated bolt and carrier system was filed in 1956 by ArmaLite for use in the AR-10, which was later developed into the ArmaLite AR-15, M16 rifle and M4 carbine.
The G3's "bolt head locking lever" is a spring-loaded claw mounted on the bolt carrier that grabs the bolt head as the bolt carrier group goes into battery. The lever essentially ratchets into place with friction, providing enough resistance to being re-opened that the bolt carrier does not rebound.