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The Manila Trench is an oceanic trench in the Pacific Ocean, located west of the islands of Luzon and Mindoro in the Philippines. The trench reaches a depth of about 5,400 metres (17,700 ft), [ 8 ] in contrast with the average depth of the South China Sea of about 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).
A turbidity current is most typically an underwater current of usually rapidly moving, sediment-laden water moving down a slope; although current research (2018) indicates that water-saturated sediment may be the primary actor in the process. [1] Turbidity currents can also occur in other fluids besides water.
The southern area of the trench contains homogeneous blue clay silt and is poor in lime. Sand grains that were also found contained fresh basaltic andesite. [16] The sediments found in the trenches are hypothesized to have been deposited by turbidity currents. [16] A turbidity current is an underwater current that moves rapidly and carries ...
Turbidity current is caused when the density of water is increased by sediment. This current is the underwater equivalent of a landslide. When sediment increases the density of the water, it falls to the bottom, and then follows the form of the land. In doing so, the sediment inside the current gathers more from the ocean bed, which in turn ...
Middle America Trench: Pacific Ocean 6,669 21,880 4.14 20 Puysegur Trench: Pacific Ocean 6,300 20,700 3.9 21 Vityaz Trench: Pacific Ocean 6,150 20,177 3.8 22 Sulu Trench: South China Sea: 5,600 18,400 3.48 23 Litke Deep: Eurasian Basin *, Arctic Ocean: 5,450 17,881 3.39 24 Manila Trench: South China Sea 5,400 17,700 3.36 25 Calypso Deep
The thick layers of sediment gradually thin with increasing distance offshore, depending on subsidence of the passive margin and the efficacy of offshore transport mechanisms such as turbidity currents and submarine channels. Development of the shelf edge and its migration through time is critical to the development of a passive margin.
The Mindanao Current is a low-latitude western boundary current located in the North Pacific and formed at the Philippine Sea by the bifurcation of the NEC. The jet transports approximately 13 − 39 {\displaystyle 13-39} Sv (where 1 {\displaystyle 1} S v = 10 6 m 3 s − 1 {\displaystyle Sv=10^{6}m^{3}s^{-1}} ) to the equator. [ 3 ]
As a consequence, a slightly different set of sedimentary structures develops in turbidites deposited by high-density turbidity currents. This different set of structures is known as the Lowe sequence , which is a descriptive classification that complements, but does not replace, the Bouma sequence.