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The Federal Republic of Germany is a federation and consists of sixteen partly sovereign states. [a] Of the sixteen states, thirteen are so-called area-states ('Flächenländer'); in these, below the level of the state government, there is a division into local authorities (counties and county-level cities) that have their own administration.
For regional administrative purposes five states, namely Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia and Saxony, consist of a total of 22 Government Districts (Regierungsbezirke). As of July 2021 Germany is divided into 400 districts (Kreise) on municipal level, these consist of 294 rural districts and 106 urban districts. [33] [34]
Germany's major natural regions - Level 1: dark red, 2: orange, and 3: violet; major landscape unit groups: thin violet - based on the BfL classification. This division of Germany into major natural regions takes account primarily of geomorphological, geological, hydrological, and pedological criteria in order to divide the country into large, physical units with a common geographical basis.
The sixteen constituent states of Germany are divided into a total of 401 administrative Kreis or Landkreis; these consist of 294 rural districts [1] (German: Landkreise or Kreise – the latter in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein only), and 107 urban districts (Kreisfreie Städte or, in Baden-Württemberg only, Stadtkreise – cities that constitute districts in ...
States GRDP (bil. EUR€) Germany 4,121.160 North Rhine-Westphalia 839.084 Bavaria 768.469 Baden-Württemberg 615.071 Lower Saxony 363.109 Hesse 351.139 Berlin 193.219
Rank State HDI (2022) Very high human development; 1 Hamburg 0.975 2 Berlin 0.967 3 Baden-Württemberg 0.961 4 Bavaria 0.958 5 Bremen 0.954 Hesse Germany (average) 0.950: 7 North Rhine-Westphalia
English: Map of administrative divisions of Germany: states, government districts, districts and district-free towns. Date: 28 October 2013: Source: Own work .
The NUTS code for Germany is DE and a hierarchy of three levels is established by Eurostat. Below these is a further levels of geographic organisation – the local administrative unit (LAU). In Germany the LAUs 1 is collective municipalities, and the LAU 2 is municipalities.