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  2. Cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography

    Cryptography is widely used on the internet to help protect user-data and prevent eavesdropping. To ensure secrecy during transmission, many systems use private key cryptography to protect transmitted information. With public-key systems, one can maintain secrecy without a master key or a large number of keys. [72]

  3. Kerckhoffs's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerckhoffs's_principle

    Using secure cryptography is supposed to replace the difficult problem of keeping messages secure with a much more manageable one, keeping relatively small keys secure. A system that requires long-term secrecy for something as large and complex as the whole design of a cryptographic system obviously cannot achieve that goal. It only replaces ...

  4. History of cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cryptography

    It is commonly accepted that this paper was the starting point for development of modern cryptography. Shannon was inspired during the war to address "[t]he problems of cryptography [because] secrecy systems furnish an interesting application of communication theory". Shannon identified the two main goals of cryptography: secrecy and authenticity.

  5. List of cryptographers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cryptographers

    Moni Naor, co-inventor the Naor–Yung encryption paradigm for CCA security. Rafail Ostrovsky, co-inventor of Oblivious RAM, of single-server Private Information Retrieval, and proactive cryptosystems. Pascal Paillier, inventor of Paillier encryption. Michael O. Rabin, Israel, inventor of Rabin encryption. Ronald L. Rivest, US, MIT, the 'R' in RSA.

  6. Outline of cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_cryptography

    The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cryptography: Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic ...

  7. Information security - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_security

    Information security is the practice of protecting information by mitigating information risks. It is part of information risk management. [1] It typically involves preventing or reducing the probability of unauthorized or inappropriate access to data or the unlawful use, disclosure, disruption, deletion, corruption, modification, inspection, recording, or devaluation of information.

  8. Cryptosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptosystem

    Another example of a cryptosystem is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES is a widely used symmetric encryption algorithm that has become the standard for securing data in various applications. Paillier cryptosystem is another example used to preserve and maintain privacy and sensitive information. It is featured in electronic voting ...

  9. Cryptographic protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_protocol

    For example, Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol that is used to secure web connections. [2] It has an entity authentication mechanism, based on the X.509 system; a key setup phase, where a symmetric encryption key is formed by employing public-key cryptography; and an application-level data transport function. These ...