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They are generally programmed by the measurement while drilling (MWD) engineer or directional driller who transmits commands using surface equipment (typically using either pressure fluctuations in the mud column or variations in the drill string rotation) which the tool responds to, and gradually steers into the desired direction.
Suction line (#3) is an intake line for the mud pump to draw drilling fluid from the mud tanks. Swivel (#18) is the top end of the kelly that allows the rotation of the drill string without twisting the block. Traveling block (#11) is the moving end of the block and tackle. Together, they give a significant mechanical advantage for lifting.
The company was founded in 1900 by Chris Schramm. It originally manufactured portable air compressors, before switching to rotary drilling rigs in the 1950s.Dick Schramm, who began working for the family business as a manufacturing engineer in 1961, worked his way up the ranks to become President of the company in 1985. [6]
An automated drill rig (ADR) is an automated full-sized walking land-based drill rig that drills long lateral sections in horizontal wells for the oil and gas industry. [8] ADRs are agile rigs that can move from pad to pad to new well sites faster than other full-sized drilling rigs. Each rig costs about $25 million.
On a drilling rig, mud is pumped from the mud pits through the drill string, where it jets out of nozzles on the drill bit, thus clearing away cuttings and cooling the drill bit in the process. The mud then carries the crushed or cut rock ("cuttings") up the annular space ("annulus") between the drill string and the sides of the hole being ...
In this simple diagram of a drilling rig, #20 (in blue) is the rotary table. The kelly drive (#19) is inserted through the center of the rotary table and kelly bushings, and has free vertical (up & down) movement to allow downward force to be applied to the drill string, while the rotary table rotates it.
A mud motor (or drilling motor) is a progressive cavity positive displacement pump (PCPD) placed in the drill string to provide additional power to the bit while drilling. The PCPD pump uses drilling fluid (commonly referred to as drilling mud, or just mud) to create eccentric motion in the power section of the motor which is transferred as ...
Mud is a vital part of drilling operations. It provides hydrostatic pressure on the borehole wall to prevent uncontrolled production of reservoir fluids, lubricates and cools the drill bit, carries the drill cuttings up to the surface, forms a "filter-cake" on the borehole wall to prevent drilling fluid invasion, provides an information medium for well logging, and helps the drilling by ...