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Agriculture in Ethiopia is the foundation of the country's economy, accounting for half of gross domestic product (GDP), 0 83.9% of exports, and 80% of total employment. Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation [1] caused by overgrazing, deforestation, high levels of taxation and poor infrastructure (making it ...
Ethiopia is one of the leaders in recipients of food aid in the world and the largest in Africa per capita. They are 7th largest recipient of aid among the other developing countries. [9] At the same time, development aid is the lowest for each citizen. Food scarcity remains a challenge with almost half the population being undernourished today.
The Global Hunger Index for Ethiopia in 2000 was 53.7 and in 2020 it is 26.2. [10] Ethiopia's recent economic growth has improved its Global Index Score. The improvement in the economic trends are due to the growth in agriculture which plays a dominant role in Ethiopia's economy.
One of the biggest challenges to alleviating this issue is changing the structure of Ethiopia's economy from an agricultural-based economy to a more industry-based economy. [1] The current strategy for addressing poverty in Ethiopia is by building on existing government systems and development programs that are already in place within the country.
Farmer's field in Ethiopia. The problem of land reform in Ethiopia has hampered that country's economic development throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. Attempts to modernize land ownership by giving title either to the peasants who till the soil, or to large-scale farming programs, have been tried under imperial rulers like Emperor Haile Selassie, and under Marxist regimes like the ...
In 1985 the government initiated a new relocation program known as villagization. The objectives of the program, which grouped scattered farming communities throughout the country into small village clusters, were to promote rational land use; conserve resources; provide access to clean water and to health and education services; and strengthen security.
About 80% of the Ethiopian population is living in rural areas as of 2017. Although unemployment rate in these areas is only 2% (Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources), migration usually undertook by young people who with limited access of agricultural lands and production. Though, unemployment has been the core problem in rural areas.
One of the biggest challenges to alleviating this issue is changing the structure of Ethiopia's economy from an agricultural-based economy to a more industry-based economy. [79] The current strategy for addressing poverty in Ethiopia is by building on existing government systems and development programs that are already in place within the country.