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Lime mortar or torching [1] [2] is a masonry mortar composed of lime and an aggregate such as sand, mixed with water. It is one of the oldest known types of mortar, used in ancient Rome and Greece , when it largely replaced the clay and gypsum mortars common to ancient Egyptian construction.
Lime mortar is considered breathable in that it will allow moisture to freely move through and evaporate from the surface. In old buildings with walls that shift over time, cracks can be found which allow rain water into the structure. The lime mortar allows this moisture to escape through evaporation and keeps the wall dry. Re−pointing or ...
This contrasts with calcium hydroxide, also called slaked lime or air lime that is used to make lime mortar, the other common type of lime mortar, which sets by carbonation (re-absorbing carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the air). Hydraulic lime provides a faster initial set and higher compressive strength than air lime, and hydraulic lime will set in ...
The word lime originates with its earliest use as building mortar and has the sense of sticking or adhering. [3] These materials are still used in large quantities as building and engineering materials (including limestone products, cement, concrete, and mortar), as chemical feedstocks, for sugar refining, and other uses. Lime industries and ...
So for example, if a soft lime-based mortar was originally used, the most appropriate repointing mortar is likely to also contain a large amount of lime. [4] Restoration (before and after) of a Georgian brick facade in Limerick, re-pointed in Irish Wigging, using hybrid lime mix mortar, after replacing damaged bricks with matching salvaged bricks
Lime plastering is composed of lime, sand, hair and water in proportions varying according to the nature of the work to be done. The lime mortar principally used for internal plastering is that calcined from chalk, oyster shells or other nearly pure limestone, and is known as fat, pure, chalk or rich lime.
The use of lime mortars began as limewashing. This was applied regularly to walls, and even to thatched roofs. [10] Although the cottage architecture of pre-industrial Wales, particularly in the South and South West, was based on earth walls more than mortared stone masonry, this was still coated externally with a limewash.
Agricultural lime, a soil additive containing calcium carbonate and other ingredients; Birdlime, a sticky substance spread on branches to trap small birds; Calcium hydroxide, a.k.a. slaked lime, slack lime, limewater, pickling lime or hydrated lime Hydraulic lime, used to make lime mortar; Limewater, saturated calcium hydroxide solution