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In this equation, L and V refer to the lateral and vertical forces acting upon the rail and wheel, δ is the angle made when the wheel flange is in contact with the rail face, and μ is the coefficient of friction between the wheel and the rail. [1] Typically, the axle load for a railway vehicle should be such that the lateral forces of the ...
A one-way, low-speed (OWLS) diamond in Champaign, Illinois.This is an example of flange-bearing frogs in use on North American freight rail lines. A flange-bearing frog, often abbreviated FBF, is a type of frog in which the flange of the wheel on a railway vehicle supports the weight of the vehicle.
Generally, the depth of the girder is no less than 1 ⁄ 15 the span, and for a given load bearing capacity, a depth of around 1 ⁄ 12 the span minimizes the weight of the girder. Stresses on the flanges near the centre of the span are greater than near the end of the span, so the top and bottom flange plates are frequently reinforced in the ...
Strength depends upon material properties. The strength of a material depends on its capacity to withstand axial stress, shear stress, bending, and torsion.The strength of a material is measured in force per unit area (newtons per square millimetre or N/mm², or the equivalent megapascals or MPa in the SI system and often pounds per square inch psi in the United States Customary Units system).
Plate rail was an early type of rail and had an 'L' cross-section in which the flange kept an unflanged wheel on the track. The flanged rail has seen a minor revival in the 1950s, as guide bars, with the Paris Métro (Rubber-tyred metro or French Métro sur pneus) and more recently as the Guided bus.
The dimension of a wide-flange I-beam. In the United States, steel I-beams are commonly specified using the depth and weight of the beam. For example, a "W10x22" beam is approximately 10 in (254 mm) in depth with a nominal height of the I-beam from the outer face of one flange to the outer face of the other flange, and weighs 22 lb/ft (33 kg/m).
The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle.Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load); exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks.
A railway wheel's tread and flange and its relationship to the load-bearing rail. The running surface of most train wheels is conical, which serves as the primary means of keeping the train aligned with the track while in motion. The wheels are fixed on an axle, and when rounding a curve the mass of the train pushes the wheelset towards the ...