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Kinematics is a subfield of physics and mathematics, developed in classical mechanics, that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects), and systems of bodies ...
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
The adjective kinetic has its roots in the Greek word κίνησις kinesis, meaning "motion".The dichotomy between kinetic energy and potential energy can be traced back to Aristotle's concepts of actuality and potentiality.
There are many branches of classical mechanics, such as: statics, dynamics, kinematics, continuum mechanics (which includes fluid mechanics), statistical mechanics, etc. Mechanics: A branch of physics in which we study the object and properties of an object in form of a motion under the action of the force.
In physics and engineering, kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship between the motion and its causes, specifically, forces and torques.
Modern kinematics developed with study of electromagnetism and refers all velocities to their ratio to speed of light. Velocity is then interpreted as rapidity , the hyperbolic angle φ {\displaystyle \varphi } for which the hyperbolic tangent function tanh φ = v ÷ c {\displaystyle \tanh \varphi =v\div c} .
[note 1] The mathematical description of motion, or kinematics, is based on the idea of specifying positions using numerical coordinates. Movement is represented by these numbers changing over time: a body's trajectory is represented by a function that assigns to each value of a time variable the values of all the position coordinates.
Jean d'Alembert (1717–1783). D'Alembert's principle, also known as the Lagrange–d'Alembert principle, is a statement of the fundamental classical laws of motion. It is named after its discoverer, the French physicist and mathematician Jean le Rond d'Alembert, and Italian-French mathematician Joseph Louis Lagrange.